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Xayar County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also Shayar CountyThe official spelling is "Shayar" according to or, from Mandarin Chinese, Shaya, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Aqsu Prefecture. It contains an area of . According to the 2004 census it has a population of 210,000.
In March 1964, Tarim Farm (塔里木农场) was founded. In 1970, Tarim Farm was renamed Nong Yi Shi 15th Regiment (农一师十五团). In 1973, Nong Yi Shi 15th Regiment was renamed Third Laogai Detachment (第三劳改支队). As of 1982, the prison had a cotton processing factory. In 1985, Third Laogai Detachment was renamed Tarim Laogai Detachment (塔里木劳改支队). In 1994, Tarim Laogai Detachment was renamed Tarim Prison (塔里木监狱).
On July 15, 1996, a prison rebellion in Xayar County led to the deaths of fifteen.
In 1998, Tarim Prison was renamed Xayar Prison (沙雅监狱]]).
In June 2008, Gezqum Township (Gaizikumu) was established. On December 30, 2008, the township's government started operation.
In 2011, Yantaqsheher Township (Yangtakexiehai'er) was established.
In 2012, Xadadong (Hadedun) was established. On February 25, 2013, the town's government started operation.
On May 26, 2014, Gulbagh (Gulebage), then a township, was made a town.
| Towns | |||||||
| Xayar Town | 沙雅镇 | شايار بازىرى | 652924100 | ||||
| Toyboldi | 托依堡勒迪镇 | تويبولدى بازىرى | 652924101 | formerly Toyboldi Township (托依堡勒迪乡) | |||
| Qizilbayraq Town | 红旗镇 | قىزىلبايراق بازىرى | 652924102 | formerly Toyboldi Township (红旗乡) | |||
| Yengimehelle | 英买里镇 | يېڭىمەھەللە بازىرى | 652924103 | formerly Yengimehelle Township (英买里乡) | |||
| Xadadong | 哈德墩镇 | خادادۆڭ بازىرى | 652924104 | ||||
| Gülbag Town | 古勒巴格镇 | گۈلباغ بازىرى | 652924105 | formerly Gülbag Township (古勒巴格乡) | |||
| Qaylor | 海楼镇 | قايلور بازىرى | 652924106 | formerly Qaylor Township (海楼乡) | |||
| Townships | |||||||
| Nurbagh Township | 努尔巴格乡 | نۇرباغ يېزىسى | 652924205 | ||||
| Tarim Township | 塔里木乡 | تارىم يېزىسى | 652924206 | ||||
| Gezqum Township | 盖孜库木乡 | گەزقۇم يېزىسى | 652924207 | ||||
| Yantaqsheher Township | 央塔克协海尔乡 | يانتاقشەھەر يېزىسى | 652924208 | ||||
Other areas: Xinken Farm (新垦农场), No. 2 Pasture (二牧场), Xayar Prison (Xinjiang Shaya Prison, 沙雅监狱]]), Xayar County Industrial Zone (沙雅县工业集中区).
The seven major speciality products of the county include Tarim Huyang, cotton, red deer, dates, Karakul sheep, salt cedar, and Apocynum venetum.
, there was about 45,900 acres (303,747 mu) of cultivated land in Xayar.
Most residents of Xayar are Muslim Uyghurs.
As of 1999, 84.05% of the population of Xayar (Shaya) County was Uyghur and 14.6% of the population was Han Chinese.
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